The grounds for retraction of a publication are the establishment of facts of falsified peer review, lack of consent of all authors to submit the material, undeclared conflict of interest, incorrect determination of authorship, presence of significant errors, fabrication or falsification of data, duplication of publications, plagiarism, as well as the practice of fragmenting research results (salami slicing). The retraction procedure may be initiated by the editorial board, the editor-in-chief, the authors of the publication, or other interested parties, provided that sufficient evidence is provided. The procedure involves submitting an appeal, forming an expert commission, preparing a conclusion and minutes of the review, transferring the materials to the ethics body, and informing the relevant scientometric databases. Complaints are accepted regarding possible violations of publication ethics by authors, reviewers, or editors. The appeal is submitted by email, indicating the applicant's contact details, a link to the relevant material and supporting evidence. Anonymous appeals are not considered. A preliminary analysis of the appeal is carried out within five working days. Further consideration is carried out by a commission consisting of three independent experts; the maximum period for consideration is 30 days. Based on the results of the review, the following decisions may be made: rejection of the complaint; request for corrections; application of sanctions, including refusal to publish, retraction of the article, temporary restriction on the submission of new materials, or notification of the institution with which the author is associated. The parties to the process have the right to access information about the progress of the review, submit written explanations and appeals. Appeals against decisions may be lodged within 14 days; the final decision is made by the editor-in-chief. In their activities, the editor-in-chief or managing editor is guided by the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics and the European Association of Science Editors, as well as the journal's publication ethics principles.