The Problem of Rehabilitation of Military and Civilians From Psychological Traumas in the Works of Ukrainian Teachers and Psychologists

Abstract

This article is dedicated to the problem of rehabilitation of military and civilians from psychological trauma. As a result of the Anti-Terrorist Operation and the Full-Scale Invasion of Russian Troops into Ukraine, a large part of soldiers and civilians suffered psychological traumas. One of the most common psychological trauma is post-traumatic stress disorder. This psychological trauma does not require hospitalization of affected persons but requires rehabilitation. Participation in hostilities is a powerful stress factor. Psychocorrective and psychotherapeutic methods increase resistance to adverse psychogenic influences. Medical and psychological rehabilitation of the participants should be based on the main provisions of the integrative coping concept. Such methods of therapy as: pharmacotherapy, various types of psychotherapy (cognitive, behavioral methods, crisis intervention, relaxation techniques, group and family psychotherapy), rehabilitation, group approaches can be effective. Psychological rehabilitation services include: psychological diagnosis, psychological education and information, psychological counseling, psychological support and accompaniment, psychotherapy, group work. The direct performance of psychological rehabilitation tasks in military units (subunits) is entrusted to officers for moral and psychological support (if it is available); psychological officers (if they available); psychologists (if they available); heads of the medical service; military priests (chaplains) (if they available). Psychological rehabilitation of servicemen is carried out in such stages as decompression and rehabilitation in stationary conditions. Israel’s experience in military rehabilitation is useful for Ukraine. The Israeli experience consists in the application of cognitive-behavioral therapy, emotionally focused therapy, exposure therapy, group therapy, relaxation and meditation techniques, and self-regulation techniques.