Project technology as a basis for technological training: preparing pupils for working realities in the modern world

Abstract

The paper deals with theoretical points of view on the use of didactic peculiarities of project methods and technologies at school in the context of technological educational field. Labour training is actually the only discipline at school that has the opportunity to develop a holistic, systematic view on technical environment and technological effectiveness of the most types of human activity, as well as on the algorithm of human behavioral functions and that component of the noosphere without which the society cannot exist at the present stage. The technical and technological culture being a component (element) of general culture shapes the idea of the material and technical component of modern civilisation, and the noospheric component that creates appropriate conditions for modern human existence, simplifies and speeds up the process of reproducing these conditions. The development of ideas about this component and its interaction with other elements of the noosphere influence human-technology interaction and form the essence of Labour Training within the framework of technological educational field. Project methodology is considered in the context of personal-activity training; it lies in the fact that the purpose of classes and the ways to achieve it should be determined by pupils, taking into consideration their interests, individual characteristics, needs, motives, and abilities. Personal-activity training makes it possible to change the basic scheme of teacher-pupil interaction. The attention is paid to the main stages of the implementation of personal-activity approach that are reflected in important didactic tasks realised in the process of using project methods. The paper covers the peculiarities of the formation of pupils’ technical and technological culture as an element of the general culture of a person.